极地研究

极地研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (2): 226-235.DOI: 10.13679/j.jdyj.20190042

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

博氏南冰?耳石外型特征参数及其对体长变化预测的研究

尉晓英1,2, 段咪1,2, 朱国平1,2,3,4   

  1. 1.上海海洋大学海洋科学学院, 上海 201306;
    2.上海海洋大学极地研究中心, 上海 201306;
    3.大洋渔业资源可持续开发教育部重点实验室极地海洋生态系统研究室, 上海 201306;
    4.国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心, 上海 201306
  • 收稿日期:2019-08-06 修回日期:2019-09-16 出版日期:2020-06-30 发布日期:2020-06-30
  • 通讯作者: 朱国平
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(41776185)、国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1406801)和极地办协同创新平台建设项目资助

Otolith morphological feature of bald notothen (Pagothenia borchgrevinki) and its prediction for change in fish lengt

Wei Xiaoying1,2, Duan Mi1,2, Zhu Guoping1,2,3,4   

  1. 1.College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China;
    2.Center for Polar Research, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China;
    3.Polar Marine Ecosystem Lab, The Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources,Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 201306, China;
    4.National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries, Shanghai, 201306, China
  • Received:2019-08-06 Revised:2019-09-16 Online:2020-06-30 Published:2020-06-30
  • Contact: Guoping ZHU

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摘要：

博氏南冰?(Pagothenia borchgrevinki)为南极典型的喜冰性鱼种, 通常贴近海冰底下生活。博氏南冰?耳石形态参数与鱼体外型存在相关性, 为了研究其耳石外型特征参数及预测体长, 基于体长(SL)范围4.50—17.80 cm和体重(WW)范围1.31—80.79 g的博氏南冰?样本, 本研究对其耳石形态进行了测量与分析, 并利用随机森林模型结合耳石外型特征参数预测了该鱼种的体长。结果表明, 博氏南冰?耳石长(OL)和耳石宽(OW)分别为0.992—2.814 mm和0.744—1.797 mm, 耳石重量范围为0.000 08—0.004 48 g。耳石具有明显的基叶和翼叶, 耳石边缘较光滑, 无明显缺刻。耳石各形态参数值随着体长的增加, 其绝对尺寸不断增加, 而相对尺寸逐渐减少, 其形态结构的比例基本不变。耳石长(OL)、背长(DL)、背宽(DW)、翼叶长(ARL)、基叶长(RL)、周长(P)与鱼体体长(SL)之间均呈对数关系; 耳石宽(OW)与体长(SL)呈乘幂关系; 面积(S)与鱼体体长(SL)呈线性关系; 耳石长(OL)、背长(DL)、翼叶长(ARL)、周长(P)与鱼体体重(WW)均呈对数关系; 耳石宽(OW)、背宽(DW)、基叶长(RL)、面积(S)与鱼体重(WW)均呈乘幂关系; 耳石长(OL)与耳石重量(WO)呈乘幂关系; 耳石宽(OW)与耳石重量(WO)呈线性关系。耳石宽、背宽和面积对鱼体体长的贡献率较大, 且利用随机森林预测鱼体体长的整体效果较好, 准确率为93.91%。本研究可为南极鱼类耳石形态研究提供参考, 并可根据捕食者胃食物中的残留耳石外型特征预测被食鱼类的体长, 为开展摄食生态学研究提供基础资料。

关键词: 博氏南冰?, 耳石, 外型, 东南极, 随机森林

Abstract:

The bald notothen (Pagothenia borchgrevinki) is a typical fish species that preferred to stay at the underside of Antarctic sea ice. The morphology of otolith in bald notothen correlates to the shape of fish. To understand otolith morphology and its ability to predict sizes of individual, using the samples with standard length (SL) 4.50 cm to 17.80 cm and wet weight (WW) 1.31 g to 80.79 g, this study measures and analyzes otolith morphology and then attempts to predict fish length using random forest modeling. The results show ranges of otolith length (OL) and width (OW) are 0.992 – 2.814 mm and 0.744 – 1.797 mm, respectively, and otolith weight is 0.00008 – 0.00448 g. With distinct rostrum and antirostrum, otolith is smooth with no obvious scallop. The size of otolith is increased with increasing SL of fish, but the relative size of otolith decreases gradually, therefore basically the proportion of different morphological structures remain unchanged. The OL, dorsal length (DL), dorsal width (DW), antirostrum length (ARL), rostrum length (RL) and perimeter (P) show a logarithmic relationship to fish SL. The OW and fish SL shows a power relationship, and the otolith area (S) and fish SL show a linear relationship. The relationship between OL, DL, ARL, P and fish WW is logarithmic, and OW, DW, RL, S and fish WW have a power relationship. The OL and OW show a power function relationship, but OL is linearly related to OW. Compared to other otolith morphological parameters, the contribution of OW, DW and S to fish SL is larger. The length of fish can be pre-dicted effectively by otolith morphological parameters using random forest modeling, with a prediction accuracy of 93.91%. This study provides a reference for the morphological study of Antarctic fish otoliths, shows that fish SL can be reconstructed using otolith thich is extracted from the stomach of fish-eating predators, and contributes information for the study of feeding ecology.

Key words: Pagothenia borchgrevinki, otolith, morphology, East Antarctica, random forest model